James and his users' .rhosts files got me thinking... How about /home/JoeBrown in passwd /home/JoeBrown owned by root /home/JoeBrown/.profile (or whatever) cds JoeBrown into a subdir he owns /home/JoeBrown/.profile sources a file owned by JoeBrown in his subdir. This way root _can_ really own .rhosts .profile .kshrc etc, and set some variables readonly if he chooses. Also he can control use of .forward .rhosts etc. Probably far too simple for this list, I mean permissions on directories aren't an issue, are they :-) George